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  • Handbook
    • Asphalt Paving Handbook
    • Videos
    • Figures
    • Tables
  • CHECKLISTS
  • ABBREVIATIONS
  • About
1. Introduction
  • 1.1 Handbook Purpose and Organization
  • 1.2 Airfield Paving
  • 1.3 Asphalt Mixtures Defined and Classified
  • 1.4 Workmanship
  • 1.5 Certification and Accreditation Programs
2. Project Organization
  • 2.1 Introduction
  • 2.2 Project Documents
  • 2.3 Preconstruction Conference
  • 2.4 Ongoing Communication
  • 2.5 Ongoing Records
  • 2.6 Safety
3. Asphalt Materials and Mix Design
  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 Asphalt Binder: Grading Systems And Properties
  • 3.3 Aggregate Characteristics And Properties
  • 3.4 Mixture Volumetrics
  • 3.5 Asphalt Mix Properties
  • 3.6 Additives
  • 3.7 Mix Design Procedures
  • 3.8 Laboratory Versus Plan-produced Mixes
  • 3.9 Summary
4. Mix Production
  • 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.2 Material Storage and Handling
  • 4.3 Aggregate Cold Feed
  • 4.4 Aggregate Drying and Heating
  • 4.5 Batch Plants
  • 4.6 Drum and Continuous Plants
  • 4.7 Emission-Control System
  • 4.8 Temporary Mixture Storage
  • 4.9 Weighing and Loadout
  • 4.10 Safety
  • 4.11 Troubleshooting and Checklists
5. Surface Preparation
  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.2 Base Preparation for New Asphalt Pavements
  • 5.3 Asphalt Surface Preparation for Asphalt Overlays
  • 5.4 PCC Surface Preparation For Asphalt Overlays
  • 5.5 Tack Coat
  • 5.6 Summary
6. Mixture Delivery
  • 6.1 Introduction
  • 6.2 Planning
  • 6.3 Truck Types
  • 6.4 Proper Truck Loading
  • 6.5 Hauling Procedures
  • 6.6 Unloading the Mix
  • 6.7 Tracking Quantities
7. Mix Placement
  • 7.1 Introduction
  • 7.2 Tractor Unit
  • 7.3 Screed Unit
  • 7.4 Grade Control
  • 7.5 Layer Thickness
  • 7.6 Establishing Paver Speed
  • 7.7 Related Paving Operations
  • 7.8 Best Practices Checklists
8. Compaction
  • 8.1 Introduction
  • 8.2 Definitions
  • 8.3 Rollers
  • 8.4 Factors Affecting Compaction
  • 8.5 Compaction Variables Under The Operator’s Control
  • 8.6 Determination of Rolling Pattern
  • 8.7 Roller Checklists
9. Joint Construction
  • 9.1 Introduction
  • 9.2 Transverse/Construction Joints
  • 9.3 Longitudinal Joints
  • 9.4 Echelon Paving and Rolling
  • 9.5 Unconventional Longitudinal Joint Methods
10. Segregation
  • 10.1 Introduction
  • 10.2 Recognizing Physical Segregation, Causes, and Solutions
  • 10.3 Four Stages Where Segregation Can Originate
  • 10.4 Thermal Segregation
  • 10.5 Confirming and Quantifying Segregation
11. Quality Assurance
  • 11.1 Introduction
  • 11.2 Definitions
  • 11.3 General Types Of Specifications
  • 11.4 Quality Control Plan
  • 11.5 Sampling Methods
  • 11.6 Quality Control At The Plant
  • 11.7 Quality Control In The Field: Placement And Compaction
  • 11.8 Acceptance
12. Mat Problems
  • 12. Mat Problems
  • 12.1 Surface Waves
  • 12.2 Tearing (Streaks)
  • 12.3 Nonuniform Texture
  • 12.4 Screed Marks
  • 12.5 Screed Responsiveness
  • 12.6 Surface (Auger) Shadows
  • 12.7 Poor Precompaction
  • 12.8 Joint Problems
  • 12.9 Checking
  • 12.10 Shoving And Rutting
  • 12.11 Bleeding And Fat Spots
  • 12.12 Roller Marks
  • 12.13 Poor Mix Compaction
  • 12.14 Other Pavement Problems
Appendix
  • AAPTP Airport Asphalt Videos

4. Mix Production

4.9 Weighing and Loadout

From the temporary storage silo, asphalt mix is deposited into trucks ready to be hauled to paving sites. (See Chapter 6 for truck loading procedures.) The quantity of mixture delivered from plant to paving site can be determined by any of three methods:

  • Using a batch plant’s automatic recording system.
    • The system records the accumulated weight of individual batches dropped directly into a truck from the pugmill. The internal plant scales should be calibrated and certified to use this method successfully.
  • Using load cells attached to the support legs of a storage bin
    • he load cells collectively accumulate the subtraction of weight from the bin as a truck is loaded.
    • Load cells are calibrated and certified as accurate.
  • Weighing loaded trucks on scales.
    • The scales directly indicate the tare weight of the truck and net weight of the mix.
    • The scales should be level, horizontal, and of sufficient length to weigh all truck axles at one time. The most common type of truck scale used is the beam scale (see Figure 55).
Figure 55. Truck Scale Under Storage Bins

Source: National Asphalt Pavement Association
Figure 55. Truck Scale Under Storage Bins

The accuracy of any truck scale or weigh system should be checked periodically. Random truckloads selected throughout production and weighed on an alternative, certified scale provide for a good check on the accuracy and calibration of the weigh system being used.

The accuracy of any truck scale or weigh system should be checked periodically.

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